Wire Gauge Converter

Professional wire gauge conversion tool for electrical, construction, and automotive applications. Convert between AWG, SWG, diameter, and cross-sectional area with precision.

AWG Standards
SWG Standards
Diameter Conversion
Cross-Sectional Area
Wire Gauge Converter
Convert between AWG, SWG, diameter, and cross-sectional area
Conversion Results

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Complete Wire Gauge Conversion Guide

American Wire Gauge (AWG)

The standard wire gauge system used in North America. Lower numbers indicate thicker wires. AWG 12 is commonly used for household circuits, while AWG 14 is used for lighting circuits.

Standard Wire Gauge (SWG)

British standard wire gauge system. Similar to AWG but with different measurements. Commonly used in the UK and former British territories.

Diameter Measurements

Wire diameter can be measured in millimeters or inches. This is the actual physical diameter of the conductor, excluding insulation.

Cross-Sectional Area

Measured in circular mils or square millimeters. Critical for determining current carrying capacity and voltage drop calculations.

Understanding Wire Gauge Standards

AWG Scale Logic

AWG numbers are inversely related to wire size. AWG 10 is thicker than AWG 12. Each step of 3 AWG doubles the cross-sectional area.

SWG Differences

SWG uses a different mathematical progression than AWG. SWG 10 is not equivalent to AWG 10 - always verify conversions for critical applications.

Metric Equivalents

European standards often use metric measurements (mm² for cross-sectional area). Common sizes include 1.5mm², 2.5mm², 4mm², and 6mm².

Temperature Considerations

Wire gauge affects current capacity, which varies with temperature. Higher temperatures reduce current carrying capacity.

Essential Conversion Factors
Key relationships between wire gauge measurements

AWG to Diameter

AWG 12 = 0.0808 inches
AWG 14 = 0.0641 inches
AWG 16 = 0.0508 inches
AWG 18 = 0.0403 inches

Metric Equivalents

AWG 12 = 2.05mm diameter
AWG 14 = 1.63mm diameter
AWG 16 = 1.29mm diameter
AWG 18 = 1.02mm diameter

Cross-Sectional Area

AWG 12 = 3.31mm²
AWG 14 = 2.08mm²
AWG 16 = 1.31mm²
AWG 18 = 0.82mm²

Electrical Applications

Residential Wiring

AWG 12 for 20A circuits, AWG 14 for 15A circuits

Industrial Power

AWG 4/0 to 500 MCM for high-current applications

Control Circuits

AWG 16-18 for low-voltage control systems

Construction Applications

Building Wiring

NEC compliance for commercial and residential

HVAC Systems

Proper gauge selection for motor circuits

Security Systems

Low-voltage wiring for alarms and cameras

Automotive Applications

Power Circuits

Battery cables, alternator wiring, starter circuits

Lighting Systems

Headlights, taillights, interior lighting

Audio Systems

Speaker wire, amplifier power connections

Common Wire Gauge Examples
Real-world applications and their typical wire gauge requirements

Household Applications

Kitchen outlets (20A)AWG 12
Bedroom outlets (15A)AWG 14
Doorbell wireAWG 18
Thermostat wireAWG 18
Electric dryerAWG 10

Industrial Applications

Motor control circuitsAWG 16
Lighting circuitsAWG 14
Panel feedersAWG 2/0
Welding leadsAWG 4/0
InstrumentationAWG 20
Safety and Current Carrying Capacity
Critical safety information for wire gauge selection

Current Capacity (75°C)

AWG 1225 Amperes
AWG 1420 Amperes
AWG 1618 Amperes
AWG 1816 Amperes
AWG 1035 Amperes

Safety Guidelines

Never Exceed Capacity

Using undersized wire can cause overheating and fire

Consider Derating

High temperatures and bundled cables reduce capacity

Follow Local Codes

NEC, local electrical codes, and manufacturer specifications

Professional Installation

Consult licensed electricians for critical applications